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Phase One: CNS
- Ataxia, Slurred Speech, Confusion, N/V, Seizures
Phase Two: Cardiopulmonary
- CHF, Cardiogenic Shock/Hypotension, Pulmonary Edema, ARDS
Phase Three: Renal
- Flank pain, Hematuria, Oliguria, Renal Failure
Diagnosis:
- HIGH INDEX OF SUSPICION
- Ethylene Glycol Serum Level
- Elevated Osmolar Gap
- Serial Anion Gap Measurements
Treatment:
- Fomepizole or Ethanol to prevent breakdown to toxic glycolic acid/oxalic acid
- Hemodialysis
- Consider Bicarb drip, pyridoxine, and thiamine
Further Reading: