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Patients rarely have the “classic” presentation of appendicitis. Frequently it is misdiagnosed as GASTROENTERITIS!!! Three Stages of Appendicitis Stage 1: ~12 hours of “gastroenteritis” like symptoms Stage 2: Direct somatic irritation This is when pain over McBurney’s develops! Stage 3: Perforation Patient is now sick and septic Approach to Appendicitis Step 1: Consider getting labs […]

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Common Complaints Red Eye Decreased Vision Trauma to the Eye Approach to a Vision Complaint Step 1: Assess visual acuity Visual acuity is the “vital sign of the eye” Snellen eye chart is best If patient unable to see chart… Count fingers? Able to see light? Step 2: Examine the conjunctiva/cornea with fluorescein How to […]

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Differential Diagnosis Mnemonic: HE DIES Hypothyroidism Elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) Cushings reflex Bradycardia Increased blood pressure Irregular breathing Drugs Beta blockers Calcium channel blockers Digoxin Ischemia Electrolytes Especially potassium!!! Sick Sinus Syndrome Approach to Bradycardia Step 1: Get an EKG Ischemia? Heart block? 1st degree = PR interval >200ms (5 small boxes) 2nd degree type […]

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Airway and Epi! Airway and Epi! Airway and Epi! Introduction Anaphylaxis is caused by massive uncontrolled release of chemicals after exposure to “antigen” The antigen causes extensive mast cell and basophil cross-linking/activation Common antigens Foods Drugs Insect venoms Basic Approach Step 1: Diagnose anaphylaxis Consider anaphylaxis if the patient has TWO body systems involved Dermatologic […]